Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Which
group consists only of nonrenewable resources? a. | carbon, sunlight, water,
aluminum | c. | phosphorus,
soil, water, oxygen | b. | coal, trees, water, carbon | d. | natural gas, peat, coal, oil | | | | |
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2.
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Which
group consists only of renewable resources? a. | carbon, sunlight, water,
aluminum | c. | phosphorus,
soil, water, oxygen | b. | coal, trees, water, carbon | d. | natural gas, peat, coal, oil | | | | |
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3.
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The
largest component of air is ____. a. | oxygen | c. | nitrogen | b. | hydrogen | d. | carbon
dioxide | | | | |
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4.
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About
80 percent of the freshwater used for ____ is wasted. a. | irrigating
crops | c. | cooling power
plants | b. | cooking and cleaning | d. | industrial processing | | | | |
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5.
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Decomposers in topsoil are responsible for recycling most of the ____ that organisms
need. a. | salt | c. | ore | b. | aggregates | d. | nutrients | | | | |
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6.
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It
can take almost 500 years to create 1 cm of ____. a. | aggregate | c. | ore | b. | topsoil | d. | bedrock | | | | |
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7.
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Erosion of cropland leads to ____ in arid countries. a. | production of
moraines | c. | desertification | b. | settling of crystals in ores | d. | increased hydrothermal fluids | | | | |
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8.
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The
mixture of gravel, sand, and crushed stone called ____ is an extremely useful construction
material. a. | aggregate | c. | ore | b. | bedrock | d. | topsoil | | | | |
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9.
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Sand
and gravel ____ remove impurities from water supplies. a. | filters | c. | crystals | b. | concrete mixtures | d. | ores | | | | |
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Matching
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Match
each item with the correct statement below. a. | freshwater | d. | trickle irrigation | b. | transport of surface
water | e. | placer
deposit | c. | nitrogen | | | | |
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10.
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Gas that
makes up most of the atmosphere
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11.
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Sand and
gravel bars that contain heavy sediments, such as gold dust and gold nuggets
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12.
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Three
percent of Earth’s water
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13.
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System of
perforated pipes used to provide water directly to plant roots
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14.
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Bringing
water from areas of plenty to areas of need
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Short Answer
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Use
the items below to answer the following questions.
coal | copper | gold | iron | petroleum | silver | | | |
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15.
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What
type of resource is represented by the items above? How are they obtained?
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16.
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Why
might some of the items be worth more money than others?
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Refer
to the diagram below to answer the following questions.
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17.
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At
what points do human influences disturb the cycle?
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Refer
to the illustration below to answer the following questions.
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18.
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Is
the groundwater beneath this house a renewable resource? Explain your answer.
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19.
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How
might a cone of depression develop at this well?
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Compare and contrast each pair of related terms or phrases.
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20.
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aggregate,
bedrock
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21.
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List the
items in the picture below that are renewable resources on Earth.
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Give an
example why each property below makes water an important resource on Earth.
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22.
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Water is a
versatile solvent.
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Use the
information and the plan of Biosphere 2 to answer the questions that
follow.
Biosphere 2 is a sort of greenhouse in the Arizona desert. It contains
medium-sized communities of plants and animals. For a while, it was used in an experiment to see how
humans and Earth systems interact. The whole complex was tightly sealed from the environment. It had
a set amount of water, air, soil, and organisms (including eight people). Electrical equipment moved
air among the buildings and controlled temperature. Biosphere 2 was carefully planned to be a
self-sustaining ecosystem.
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23.
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The
Biosphere 2 sealed experiment with humans was stopped because carbon dioxide levels were too high and
oxygen levels were too low. Why would these levels be a problem?
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24.
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Technologically advanced materials are an important part of Biosphere 2. They figure
in construction and in interior design. The materials were tested for toxicity before they were used.
Why?
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Problem
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You are on
the planning board of a small township (population 2000) in the eastern United States. The town
appeals to hikers, canoeists, and fishers. This year, three major land-use proposals came up for the
board’s review: a shopping plaza, a factory that makes paper, and a housing development.
Read the descriptions of the projects and look at the map of the township. Then answer
the questions that follow.
The shopping plaza would cover about 4 acres northeast of town where
the truck farm is now. It would include a supermarket, small shops, and parking. It would create some
jobs and generate traffic drawn from neighboring towns.
The paper factory would be on a site of about 3 hectares approximately
4 km west of town where the gravel pit is now. It would include wood storage, the factory, a
water-pumping station, an access road, and employee parking. A great quantity of water is used in
making paper. This water would be pumped from the river and then distributed into the air as steam or
restored as clean, warm water into the river.
The housing development would replace most of the cornfields northwest
of the town between the river and the highway. Forty houses would be built on 0.5-hectare lots. A
U-shaped access road would connect to the road currently located between the highway and the
town.
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25.
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Resource
conservationists recommend that towns use local resources. How would the land-use proposals affect
that goal?
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26.
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Which
proposals might affect the level of air pollution from motor vehicle emissions? Explain your
answer.
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27.
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Which
proposals would increase demands on the water supply? Which would decrease demands?
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28.
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What three
questions would you, a planning board commissioner, like to have answered before deciding on these
proposed land uses?
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29.
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Based on the
information included here, which project do you think would be the best addition to the community?
Why?
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