Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Current, short-term variations in the atmosphere are referred to as
____. a. | humidity | c. | weather | b. | lapse rate | d. | the ionosphere | | | | |
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2.
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The
Coriolis effect is due to the ____ of Earth. a. | revolution | c. | shape | b. | rotation | d. | density | | | | |
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3.
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Low-pressure systems are usually associated with ____ weather. a. | cold and
dry | c. | sunny and
dry | b. | cloudy and
rainy | d. | warm and
humid | | | | |
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4.
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A(n)
____ forecast involves comparing current weather patterns to patterns that took place in the
past. a. | real-time | c. | analog | b. | digital | d. | comparative | | | | |
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5.
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Whether the day will be rainy or dry can be predicted somewhat accurately by a
long-term forecast at the ____ range. a. | one- to two-month | c. | one- to three-day | b. | four- to
seven-day | d. | one- to
two-week | | | | |
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6.
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Low-pressure systems that heavily influence weather in the middle latitudes are
____. a. | polar
easterlies | c. | air
masses | b. | wave cyclones | d. | warm fronts | | | | |
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7.
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A
weather instrument that measures the height of clouds and estimates the amount of cloud cover is a(n)
____. a. | hygrometer | c. | ceilometer | b. | anemometer | d. | barometer | | | | |
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8.
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Polar
and tropical regions maintain fairly constant average temperatures because ____. a. | the Sun always
strikes these regions at the same angle | b. | air masses remain stationary near the poles and
equator | c. | Earth radiates extra energy back into
space | d. | the continual motion of air and water reallocates heat energy
throughout Earth | | |
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9.
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Lines
on a map that connect points of equal or constant values are ____. a. | boundaries | c. | fronts | b. | isopleths | d. | station models | | | | |
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10.
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The
exchange of heat or moisture with the surface over which an air mass travels is known as
____. a. | intertropical
convergence | c. | occlusion | b. | air mass modification | d. | air mass exchange | | | | |
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Matching
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Match each item with the correct source region below. a. | warm and
humid | c. | cool and
humid | b. | cold and dry | d. | warm and dry | | | | |
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11.
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Maritime tropical (Gulf of Mexico)
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12.
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Continental tropical (southwestern desert of the United States)
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13.
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Continental polar (central Canada)
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | trade
winds | c. | prevailing
westerlies | b. | polar easterlies | d. | jet streams | | | | |
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14.
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Winds
occurring between 30° north and south latitude and the equator
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15.
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Winds
that flow between 30° and 60° north and south latitude
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Short Answer
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16.
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Describe how a cool, dry air mass can modify into a warm, moist air
mass.
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17.
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Compare and contrast the information produced by Doppler radar and traditional weather
radar.
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18.
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What
advantages does infrared imagery have over visible-light imagery?
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Compare and contrast each pair of related terms or phrases.
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19.
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thermometer, barometer
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20.
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Explain how air masses form, and how they help redistribute energy on Earth’s
surface.
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21.
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Describe the formation and location of jet streams.
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22.
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What
problems are associated with long-term weather forecasts?
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23.
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There
are six weather instruments collecting weather data in a city you are about to visit: an anemometer,
a barometer, a ceilometer, a hygrometer, a radiosonde, and a thermometer. You need information that
will allow you to dress properly when you arrive. You can have the data from just three of the
instruments. Which ones would you pick and why?
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24.
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Explain how infrared imagery has the potential to save lives.
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A
meteorology class has set up a small weather station outside of school. It has a few simple
instruments: a thermometer, a barometer, a rain gauge to measure rainfall, and a hygrometer. The
students took measurements with the instruments once a day for a week. They then filled in the chart
below. The barometer broke, so they were not able to finish collecting air-pressure
data.
Use the chart and what you know about weather systems
and weather forecasting to answer the following questions.
| | Mon | Tue | Wed | Thurs | Fri | Sat | Sun | Average
temperature (°C) | 23.3 | 22.2 | 22.2 | 15.6 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 17.8 | Rainfall
(cm) | 0 | 0 | 3.31 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Relative
humidity | 40% | 60% | 100% | 80% | 60% | 50% | 40% | Air pressure
(mb) | 1000 | 998 | — | — | — | — | — | | | | | | | | |
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25.
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Given
the relative humidity on Thursday, would you expect clear or cloudy skies?
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Problem
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26.
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Fill
in the chart below with the correct type of front. Use the following terms: cold front, occluded
front, stationary front, warm front.
Movement of air masses | Type of
front | An advancing warm air mass displaces a cold air mass
and glides over the top of it. | a. | Two air masses with similar temperatures and pressures meet, and neither advances into
the other's territory. | b. | A cold, dense
air mass displaces a warm air mass and forces the warm air to rise
steeply. | c. | A warm air mass
is squeezed upward between two cold air masses. | d. | | |
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27.
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Fill
in the chart below with the names of the correct weather instruments. Use the following terms:
anemometer, barometer, ceilometer, hygrometer, radiosonde,
thermometer.
What weather instrument does | Weather
instrument name | Measures
relative humidity | a. | Measures
temperature | b. | Measures height
of cloud layers and estimates percentage of sky covered by clouds. | c. | Measures wind
speed | d. | Measures air
pressure | e. | | |
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Answer the following questions based on the weather chart
below.
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28.
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In
which city is it raining?
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29.
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Describe the weather at City A.
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30.
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Describe the weather at City C.
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